UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of Earliest Event Reported): August 2, 2018

Fidus Investment Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 847-859-3940

Not Applicable

Former name or former address, if changed since last report

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR §230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR §240.12b-2).

Emerging growth company  ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

On August 2, 2018, Fidus Investment Corporation issued a press release announcing its financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2018. A copy of the press release is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

The information disclosed under this Item 2.02, including Exhibit 99.1 attached hereto, is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing made under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

Fidus Investment Corporation issued a press release, filed herewith as Exhibit 99.1, on August 2, 2018 announcing the declaration of a regular quarterly dividend of $0.39 per share, which is payable on September 21, 2018 to stockholders of record as of September 7, 2018.

The information disclosed under this Item 7.01, including Exhibit 99.1 attached hereto, is being furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing made under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

(d) Exhibits

The following Exhibit 99.1 is being furnished herewith to this Current Report on Form 8-K:

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Exhibit 99.1

FIDUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION ANNOUNCES

SECOND QUARTER 2018 FINANCIAL RESULTS

Regular Quarterly Dividend of $0.39 Per Share Declared for Third Quarter 2018

EVANSTON, Ill., August 2, 2018 – Fidus Investment Corporation (NASDAQ:FDUS) (“Fidus” or the “Company”), a provider of customized debt and equity financing solutions, primarily to lower middle-market companies based in the United States, today announced its financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2018.

Second Quarter 2018 Financial Highlights

Management Commentary

“From an operating perspective, second quarter results were in line with our expectations. On a fair value basis, our portfolio continues to provide us with a high level of current and recurring adjusted net investment income and the opportunity to monetize equity-related investments. We continued to grow our portfolio, adding $43.1 million in new investments while receiving repayments of $29.2 million,” said Ed Ross, Chairman and CEO of Fidus Investment Corporation. “As we enter the second half of the year, the prospects of an improving quality of deal flow and healthy M&A activity should allow us to continue to selectively grow our diversified portfolio while adhering to our principle of emphasizing capital preservation.”

(1) Supplemental information regarding adjusted net investment income:

On a supplemental basis, we provide information relating to adjusted net investment income, which is a non-GAAP measure. This measure is provided in addition to, but not as a substitute for, net investment income. Adjusted net investment income represents net investment income excluding any capital gains incentive fee expense or (reversal) attributable to realized and unrealized gains and losses. The management agreement with our advisor provides that a capital gains incentive fee is determined and paid annually with respect to cumulative realized capital gains (but not unrealized capital gains) to the extent such realized capital gains exceed realized and unrealized losses. In addition, we accrue, but do not pay, a capital gains incentive fee in connection with any unrealized capital appreciation, as appropriate. As such, we believe that adjusted net investment income is a useful indicator of operations exclusive of any capital gains incentive fee expense or (reversal) attributable to realized and unrealized gains and losses. The presentation of this additional information is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP. Reconciliations of net investment income to adjusted net investment income are set forth in Schedule 1.

Second Quarter 2018 Financial Results

The following table provides a summary of our operating results for the three months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017 (dollars in thousands, except per share data):

The $0.8 million increase in total investment income for the three months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017 was primarily attributable to (i) a $1.8 million increase in total interest income resulting from higher average debt investment balances outstanding, partially offset by a small decrease in weighted average debt investment yield and two additional portfolio companies on non-accrual status, (ii) a $(0.6) million decrease in fee income resulting from a decrease in debt investment amendment fee and prepayment fee income, partially offset by a higher level of structuring fees earned due to a comparative increase in new investments, and (iii) a $(0.3) million decrease in dividend income from equity investments.

For the three months ended June 30, 2018, total expenses, including income tax provision, were $9.1 million, an increase of $0.8 million or 9.9%, from the $8.3 million of total expenses, including income tax provision, for the three months ended June 30, 2017. The increase was primarily attributable to (i) a $0.6 million increase in interest and financing expenses due to an increase in average borrowings outstanding and an increase in weighted average interest rate on borrowings, (ii) a $0.3 million net increase in base management and income incentive fees due to higher average total assets and partially offset by lower pre-incentive fee net investment income, and (iii) a $0.3 million increase in other general and administrative expenses due to the write-off of deferred equity offering costs related to our previous Form N-2 registration statement.

Net investment income was flat during the three months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the same period in 2017, increasing by 0.2%. Adjusted net investment income ⁽¹⁾, which excludes the capital gains incentive fee accrual, decreased by $(0.5) million, or (4.9)%, due to the $0.8 million increase in total investment income, which is less than the $1.3 million increase in total expenses, excluding the accrued capital gains incentive fee.

For the three months ended June 30, 2018, the total net realized loss on investments, net of income tax provision on realized gains, was $(15.2) million, as compared to total net realized loss on investments, net of income tax provision on realized gains, of $(0.4) million for the same period in 2017.

For the three months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded net change in unrealized appreciation of $13.9 million, as compared to net change in unrealized appreciation of $1.4 million for the same period in 2017.

Portfolio and Investment Activities

As of June 30, 2018, the fair value of our investment portfolio totaled $646.2 million and consisted of 65 active portfolio companies and two portfolio companies that have sold their underlying operations. Our total portfolio investments at fair value were approximately 105.6% of the related cost basis as of June 30, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, three debt investments bore interest at a variable rate, which represented $26.3 million of our portfolio on a fair value basis, and the remainder of our

debt portfolio was comprised of fixed rate investments. As of June 30, 2018, our average active portfolio company investment at amortized cost was $9.4 million, which excludes investments in the two portfolio companies that have sold their underlying operations. The weighted average yield on debt investments was 12.7% as of June 30, 2018. The weighted average yield was computed using the effective interest rates for debt investments at cost as of June 30, 2018, including the accretion of OID and loan origination fees, but excluding investments on non-accrual status, if any.

Second quarter 2018 investment activity included the following new portfolio company investments:

As of June 30, 2018, we had investments in three portfolio companies on non-accrual status, which had an aggregate cost and fair value of $16.8 million and $4.0 million, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of June 30, 2018, we had $24.0 million in cash and cash equivalents and $68.0 million of unused capacity under our senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). As of June 30, 2018, we had SBA debentures outstanding of $214.5 million, $50.0 million outstanding of our 5.875% notes due 2023 (the “Public Notes”), and $7.0 million outstanding under our Credit Facility. As of June 30, 2018, the weighted average interest rate on total debt outstanding was 3.843%.

Subsequent Events

On August 1, 2018, we exited our debt and equity investments in Jacob Ash Holdings, Inc. We received payment in full on our second lien and subordinated debt investments. We redeemed our preferred equity and warrant investments for approximately $1.4 million.

Third Quarter 2018 Dividend of $0.39 Per Share Declared

On July 30, 2018, our Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.39 per share for the third quarter of 2018, payable on September 21, 2018 to stockholders of record as of September 7, 2018.

When declaring dividends, our Board of Directors reviews estimates of taxable income available for distribution, which differs from consolidated income under generally accepted accounting principles due to (i) changes in unrealized appreciation and depreciation, (ii) temporary and permanent differences in income and expense recognition, and (iii) the amount of undistributed taxable income carried over from a given year for distribution in the following year. The final determination of 2018 taxable income, as well as the tax attributes for 2018 dividends, will be made after the close of the 2018 tax year. The final tax attributes for 2018 dividends will generally include ordinary taxable income but may also include capital gains, qualified dividends and return of capital.

Fidus has adopted a dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) that provides for reinvestment of dividends on behalf of its stockholders, unless a stockholder elects to receive cash. As a result, when we declare a cash dividend, stockholders who have not “opted out” of the DRIP at least two days prior to the dividend payment date will have their cash dividends automatically reinvested in additional shares of our common stock. Those stockholders whose shares are held by a broker or other financial intermediary may receive dividends in cash by notifying their broker or other financial intermediary of their election.

Second Quarter 2018 Financial Results Conference Call

Management will host a conference call to discuss the operating and financial results at 9:00am ET on Friday, August 3, 2018. To participate in the conference call, please dial (877) 810-3368 approximately 10 minutes prior to the call. International callers should dial (914) 495-8561. Please reference conference ID # 3593877.

A live webcast of the conference call will be available at http://investor.fdus.com/events-presentations. Please access the website 15 minutes prior to the start of the call to download and install any necessary audio software.

A telephone replay of the conference call will be available from 12:00pm ET on August 3, 2018 until 11:59pm ET on August 10, 2018 and may be accessed by calling (855) 859-2056 (domestic dial-in) or (404) 537-3406 (international dial-in) and reference conference ID # 3593877. An archived replay of the conference call will also be available in the investor relations section of the Company’s website.

ABOUT FIDUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION

Fidus Investment Corporation provides customized debt and equity financing solutions to lower middle-market companies, which management generally defines as U.S. based companies with revenues between $10 million and $150 million. The Company’s investment objective is to provide attractive risk-adjusted returns by generating both current income from debt investments and capital appreciation from equity related investments. Fidus seeks to partner with business owners, management teams and financial sponsors by providing customized financing for change of ownership transactions, recapitalizations, strategic acquisitions, business expansion and other growth initiatives.

Fidus is an externally managed, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be treated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. In addition, for tax purposes, Fidus has elected to be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Fidus was formed in February 2011 to continue and expand the business of Fidus Mezzanine Capital, L.P., which commenced operations in May 2007 and is licensed by the U.S. Small Business Administration as a small business investment company.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This press release may contain certain forward-looking statements which are based upon current expectations and are inherently uncertain. Any such statements, other than statements of historical fact, are likely to be affected by other unknowable future events and conditions, including elements of the future that are or are not under the Company’s control, and that the Company may or may not have considered; accordingly, such statements cannot be guarantees or assurances of any aspect of future performance. Actual developments and results are highly likely to vary materially from these estimates and projections of the future as a result of a number of factors, including those described from time to time in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Such statements speak only as of the time when made, and are based on information available to the Company as of the date hereof and are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any such statement now or in the future, except as required by applicable law.

FIDUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities

(in thousands, except shares and per share data)

FIDUS INVESTMENT CORPORATION

Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited)

(in thousands, except shares and per share data)

Schedule 1

Supplemental Information Regarding Adjusted Net Investment Income

On a supplemental basis, we provide information relating to adjusted net investment income, which is a non-GAAP measure. This measure is provided in addition to, but not as a substitute for, net investment income. Adjusted net investment income represents net investment income excluding any capital gains incentive fee expense or (reversal) attributable to realized and unrealized gains and losses. The management agreement with our advisor provides that a capital gains incentive fee is determined and paid annually with respect to cumulative realized capital gains (but not unrealized capital gains) to the extent such realized capital gains exceed realized and unrealized losses for such year, less the aggregate amount of any capital gains incentive fees paid in all prior years. In addition, we accrue, but do not pay, a capital gains incentive fee in connection with any unrealized capital appreciation, as appropriate. As such, we believe that adjusted net investment income is a useful indicator of operations exclusive of any capital gains incentive fee expense or (reversal) attributable to realized and unrealized gains and losses. The presentation of this additional information is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for financial results prepared in accordance with GAAP. The following table provides a reconciliation of net investment income to adjusted net investment income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.